Voltage Stability Analysis in Renewable Energy Dominated Power Systems: A Review

Abstract

In the past decade, power systems across the world have witnessed a trend of increased penetration in renewable energy systems. This proliferation has been caused by the significant global commitment to achieve a net-zero electricity sector and the need to adopt sustainable energy systems. Due the distinct generation characteristics of renewable energy systems, their proliferation has brought about new technical challenges in the stability and operation of power systems. One of the major challenges that gained prominence is voltage instability. Voltage instability stems from the inability of a power system to maintain its reactive power balance; either through inadequate reactive power generation or transmission lines failing to transmit the necessary amount of reactive power. In this paper a review of voltage stability analysis techniques that can be employed in renewable energy dominated power systems is provided with their strengths and weakness. This paper aims to present a guide for voltage stability studies which should find application among power system practitioners and those interested in the voltage stability phenomenon. Keywords—Renewable Energy, Voltage Stability, Voltage Stability Indices, Power System Stability