Design and Fabrication of an Integrated Microcontroller Security System

Abstract

Ubiquitous insecurity brought about by terrorism and advances in human development and technology are significantly on rise. People now live in more advanced homes with facilities that make life more comfortable but also are sources of insecurity. Coupling with advances in science and technology, security systems have been developed. However, apart from monitoring and relying information, more precise information in terms of characterization, sensitivity and proximity appropriation of the sensors is not fully exploited. This research project upholds on the development of Arduino UNO microcontroller based integrated home security system. It involves the characterization of MQ-4 gas sensor using the theory of diffusion concentration so as to detect the leakage of cooking gas and give feedback. In addition, unlike the closed circuit television (CCTV) which can only record the video without alerting the owner passive infrared (PIR) motion sensor will give the proximity of the intruder and increase the sensitivity for detecting intruders. The characterization of the MQ-4 gas sensor using theory of diffusion concentration uses the standard prepared alcohol. The characterization of the LM-35 temperature sensor through voltage variation was also investigated. The interfacing of the sensors and the other electronic components such as buzzer, global system for mobile communications (GSM), subscriber identity module (SIM 900) and liquid crystal display (LCD) were integrated and controlled by the Arduino UNO. The Arduino UNO controls all communication signals between these electronic instruments in this system through a developed software program. The results of the system and its sensors show that the proposed system successfully detects the cooking gas leakage, intruder intrusion and fire outbreak.