The Inhibitory and Restorative Histo-Stereological Study on Effects of live care (Liv-52) on Acetaminophen Induced Liver Toxicity in Adult Albino Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

Abstract

Acetaminophen commonly known as Paracetamol has been associated with liver toxicity and is a probable contributor to the rising cases of liver failure. On the other hand, Liver care abbreviated as (Liv-52), polyherbal medicine from Himalaya Indian Company is being used to reverse the acetaminophen induced liver toxicity effects. Though studies have showed continued application of Liv -52, in management of liver toxicities arising from Paracetamol usage, there is paucity of data on the histo-stereological inhibitory and restorative effects of Liv-52. At the same time, data on restorative and inhibitory effects of Liv -52 is dose dependent. The current study aimed at evaluating the histo- stereological restorative and inhibitory effects of varied doses Liv52 on Paracetamol induced liver toxicity. A static-case- controlled-experimental study design was adopted. A total of 60 adult Albino rats weighing between 150-170 grams were used in the study. These 60 rats were randomly assigned into two main study groups of 10 controls and 50 experimental. To evaluate the restorative and inhibitory effects of Liv-52, the 50 rats in the experimental category were assigned into two study groups; 25 restorative and 25 rats for inhibitory. To evaluate effective inhibitory and restorative doses of Liv-52, the 25 rats in each of the two study groups were further divided into five groups of 5 rats each as follows: 100mg/kgbwt-5rats; 200mg/kgbwt -5 rats; 300mg/kdbwt-5rats; and 500mg/kgbwt-5rats (v) 5 rats- positive control. All animals were humanely sacrificed with Uethatol on day 21 and all livers harvested. The liver were then fixed with 5% zenkers solution and routinely processed for both light microscopy and stereological analysis. The sections for stereology were analyzed using stepinizer software, where volume densities and total parenchymal and stromal tissues were determined using cavarieli point counting method. The data was entered into excel sheet analyzed through SPPS version 25 and statistically tested using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the group means and p-value of less than 0.05 were taken to be significant. Both the histo-morphological and the stereological finding of the study have showed that liver care (Liv-52) has both inhibitory and restorative effects to the liver-induced hepatocellular toxicity from acetaminophen. The most critical inhibitory and restorative doses of LIV-52 were between 300mg - 500mg/kg/bwt. The most effective way to protect the liver is concurrent admisntration of acetaminophen with Liver care (Liv-52). In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that Liv-52 is hepatoprotective and hepatorestorative. It is therefore recommended that Liver care (Liv-52) may be used in prevention of acute liver toxicity or in combination with acetaminophen to prevent liver damage.